RESUMO O melhoramento do crambe ainda é incipiente, com poucas cultivares de interesse. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: i) avaliar a divergência entre 10 genótipos de crambe, por meio de características morfoagronômicas e de qualidade, utilizando análises multivariadas e; ii) estimar parâmetros genéticos relativos a essas características. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, e os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análises multivariadas e de avaliação genética. Os genótipos diferiram significativamente entre si quanto a altura de planta (ALT), diâmetro do caule (DC), número de ramos por planta (NR), altura do primeiro ramo produtivo (ARP), massa de 1000 grãos (M1000), produtividade de grãos (PROD) e de óleo (PO). O coeficiente de variação revelou boa precisão experimental (4,29 a 13,81%). As médias de PROD (1936,94 kg/ha) e de PO (660,10 kg/ha) foram elevadas. As características apresentaram altas estimativas de herdabilidade em nível de médias de progênies (h2 > 73,65). A análise de cluster revelou cinco grupos de genótipos. PROD foi a característica com maior contribuição (22,31%) para a diversidade entre os genótipos, seguida por ARP, NR e DC. Os genótipos 2 e 4 podem ser utilizados como genitores em cruzamentos futuros, pois são promissores na obtenção de populações segregantes.

ABSTRACT Crambe’s breeding is still incipient, with few cultivars of interest. The aims of the present study were: i) to evaluate the divergence between 10 genotypes of crambe, through morphoagronomic and quality traits, using multivariate analyses; and ii) to estimate genetic parameters related to these traits. The trial was conducted in a greenhouse, and the experimental data were submitted to multivariate analysis and genetic evaluation. The genotypes differed significantly among them for plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of branches per plant (NB), height of the first productive branch (HPB), mass of 1000 grains (M1000), grain yield (YIELD) and oil productivity (OIL). The experimental coefficient of variation revealed good precision (4.29 to 13.81%). The averages of YIELD (1936.94 kg/ha) and OIL (660.10 kg/ha) were high. The traits presented high estimates of broad-sense heritability on a mean genotype basis (h2 > 73.65). The cluster analysis revealed five clusters of genotypes. YIELD showed the greatest contribution (22.31%) to the diversity among the genotypes, followed by HPB, NB and SD. Genotypes 2 and 4 can be used as parents at future crosses, as they are promising in obtaining segregant populations.

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteoconductive potential of BoneCeramic™ on bone healing in rat calvaria 5-mm defects. Material and Methods: A 5-mm calvaria bone defect was induced in three groups and the defect was not filled with biomaterial [Clot Group (CG)], autogenous bone (AG), or Bone Ceramic Group (BCG). Animals were euthanized after 14 or 28 days and the bone tissue within the central area of the bone defect was evaluated. Results were compared using ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Immunohistochemistry was performed using primary antibodies against osteocalcin, RUNX-2, TRAP, VEGF proteins, and 3-dimensional images of the defects in μCT were obtained to calculate bone mineral density (BMD). Results: In BCG, the defect was completely filled with biomaterial and new bone formation, which was statistically superior to that in the GC group, at both time-points (p<0.001 for 14 days; p=0.002 for 28 days). TRAP protein showed weak, RUNX-2 showed a greater immunolabeling when compared with other groups, VEGF showed moderate immunostaining, while osteocalcin was present at all time-points analyzed. The μCT images showed filling defect by BCG (BMD= 1337 HU at 28 days). Conclusion: Therefore, the biomaterial tested was found to be favorable to fill bone defects for the reporting period analyzed.

Abstract The hypothesis of this study was that the peri-implant bone healing of the group of pinealectomized rats would differ from the control group. The samples were subjected to immunohistochemical, microtomographic (total porosity and connectivity density), and fluorochrome (mineralized surface) analyses. Objectives The goal of this study was to investigate the cellular changes and bone remodeling dynamics along the bone/implant interface in pinealectomized rats. Material and Methods The total of 18 adult male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) was divided into three groups (n=6): control (CO), pinealectomized without melatonin (PNX) and pinealectomized with melatonin (PNXm). All animals were submitted to the first surgery (pinealectomy), except the CO group. Thirty days after the pinealectomy without melatonin, the second surgery was conducted, in which all animals received an implant in each tibia (36 titanium implants with surface treatment were installed – Implalife® São Paulo, SP, Brazil). By gavage, the rats of the PNX group received the vehicle solution, and the procedure. Results Immunohistochemical analysis for runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OP) and osteocalcin (OC) showed that the bone repair process in the PNXm group was similar to that of the CO group, whereas the PNX group showed a delay. The microtomographic parameters of total porosity [Po(tot)] and bone surface (BS) showed no statistically significant differences, whereas for the connective density (Conn.Dn) a statistical difference was found between the CO and PNXm groups. Fluorochrome analysis of the active mineralized surface showed statistically significant difference between the CO and PNX and between the CO and PNXm groups. Conclusion The absence of the pineal gland impaired the bone repair process during osseointegration, however the daily melatonin replacement was able to restore this response.